{"id":59,"date":"2015-09-17T16:03:49","date_gmt":"2015-09-17T15:03:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/index.php\/2015\/09\/17\/arasidy\/"},"modified":"2016-04-15T16:47:46","modified_gmt":"2016-04-15T15:47:46","slug":"arasidy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/?p=59","title":{"rendered":"Ara\u0161\u00eddy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Alergi\u00ed na ara\u0161\u00eddy naz\u00fdv\u00e1me \u00a0potravinovou alergii na alergeny obsa\u017een\u00e9 v bursk\u00fdch o\u0159\u00ed\u0161c\u00edch. Bursk\u00e9 o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ky pat\u0159\u00ed do skupiny lu\u0161t\u011bnin.\u00a0Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee alergeny ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f mohou vyvolat obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b silnou alergickou reakci. Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm alergick\u00e9 reakce po pokrmech, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed ara\u0161\u00eddy.\u00a0Alergeny v bursk\u00fdch o\u0159\u00ed\u0161c\u00edch jsou odoln\u00e9 teplu. Sta\u010d\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f v \u0159\u00e1dech mikrogram\u016f, aby do\u0161lo k rozvinut\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f prudk\u00e9 alergick\u00e9 reakce. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dasto k du\u0161nosti, otoku sliznic nebo ob\u011bhov\u00fdm poruch\u00e1m vedouc\u00edm a\u017e k pln\u00e9mu rozvoji \u017eivotu nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 anafylaxe.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>P\u0159\u00edznaky<\/h2>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edznaky alergie na ara\u0161\u00eddy se rozv\u00edjej\u00ed brzy po po\u017eit\u00ed ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f \u010di i jen jejich mikroskopick\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Mohou se objevit:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>otoky sliznic nosohltanu<\/li>\n<li>otok a sv\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed jazyka<\/li>\n<li>otoky rt\u016f<\/li>\n<li>du\u0161nost<\/li>\n<li>nevolnost, zvracen\u00ed, pr\u016fjem<\/li>\n<li>poruchy ob\u011bhu<\/li>\n<li>anafylaktick\u00e1 reakce<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi potravinov\u00fdmi alergiemi se projevuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky alergie na ara\u0161\u00eddy obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b siln\u011b.<\/p>\n<h2>Vyvolavatel\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>Bursk\u00e9 o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ky nejsou, \u00a0jak by \u010dlov\u011bk dle jejich n\u00e1zvu soudil, z botanick\u00e9ho hlediska o\u0159echy, n\u00fdbr\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed do skupiny lu\u0161t\u011bnin, a jsou tak p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 t\u0159eba sojov\u00fdm bob\u016fm a ne l\u00edskov\u00fdm o\u0159ech\u016fm. Jako lu\u0161t\u011bnina tak m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt ara\u0161\u00edd zk\u0159\u00ed\u017eenou reakci se s\u00f3jou a ostatn\u00edmi lu\u0161t\u011bninami, nap\u0159\u00edklad guarovou nebo rohovn\u00edkovou moukou.<\/p>\n<h2>Rozvoj alergie &#8211; senzibilizace<\/h2>\n<p>Existuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 faktory, kter\u00e9 mohou u d\u011bt\u00ed ovlivnit vznik alergi\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u00fd\u017eiva sojov\u00fdm ml\u00e9kem.<\/li>\n<li>O\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed ekz\u00e9mu mastmi s obsahem ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00e9ho oleje a\/nebo<\/li>\n<li>rodinn\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e s alergi\u00ed na ara\u0161\u00eddy \u010di ekz\u00e9mem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nen\u00ed st\u00e1le zcela jist\u00e9, \u00a0zda senzibilizace na ara\u0161\u00eddy vznik\u00e1 ji\u017e u plodu, pokud t\u011bhotn\u00e1 \u017eena j\u00ed bursk\u00e9 o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ky. Rovn\u011b\u017e nen\u00ed objasn\u011bno, zda k senzibilizaci d\u00edt\u011bte mohou v\u00e9st alergeny ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f obsa\u017een\u00e9 v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce. (O senzibilizaci se hovo\u0159\u00ed, kdy\u017e t\u011blo poprv\u00e9 vytvo\u0159\u00ed IgE protil\u00e1tky proti ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00fdm alergen\u016fm.)<\/p>\n<p>Do stravy kojenc\u016f ale ara\u0161\u00eddy a ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00e9 produkty rozhodn\u011b nepat\u0159\u00ed. Studie dokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee v Anglii, kde je alergie na ara\u0161\u00eddy jednozna\u010dn\u011b \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u n\u00e1s, 80% d\u011bt\u00ed poz\u0159elo ji\u017e v prvn\u00edm roce \u017eivota ara\u0161\u00eddy \u010di potraviny, kter\u00e9 ara\u0161\u00eddy obsahuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>K rozvoji alergie na ara\u0161\u00eddy m\u016f\u017ee samoz\u0159ejm\u011b doj\u00edt i u star\u0161\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed, mladistv\u00fdch \u010di dosp\u011bl\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<p>Potraviny bez obsahu ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f<\/p>\n<p>Existuj\u00ed i p\u0159esn\u00e9 seznamy potravin, kter\u00e9 neobsahuj\u00ed ani stopy ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f. \u00a0Zeptejte se sv\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, mo\u017en\u00e1 je m\u00e1 k dispozici.<\/p>\n<p>Takov\u00e9 seznamy samy o sob\u011b nejsou ale moc p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e9. \u00a0Smyslupln\u00e1 a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 jsou takov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 spoj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsnost diety bez o\u0159ech\u016f s optim\u00e1ln\u011b nastaven\u00fdm j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dkem pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jedince zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165. Takov\u00fd j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek sestav\u00ed nejl\u00e9pe v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fd poradce, kter\u00fd je vy\u0161kolen\u00fd v problematice potravinov\u00e9 alergie.<\/p>\n<h2>Povinnost ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed potravin<\/h2>\n<p>V Evrop\u011b plat\u00ed povinnost v\u00fdrobce ozna\u010dovat potraviny s obsahem nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch alergen\u016f, tedy i s obsahem ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f (EU-sm\u011brnice 2007\/68\/EG). Toto ozna\u010den\u00ed by m\u011blo pom\u00e1hat alergik\u016fm p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu. Tato povinnost plat\u00ed ale jen pro balen\u00e9 potraviny, u nebalen\u00fdch potravin tato informace bohu\u017eel \u010dasto chyb\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00fdhled<\/h2>\n<p>V \u010dervnu 2011 vydala Evropsk\u00e1 Unie dodatkov\u00e1 pravidla k ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed potravin. St\u00e1ty Evropsk\u00e9 Unie mus\u00ed b\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch t\u0159ech let pozm\u011bnit sv\u00e1 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. T\u00edmto by v budoucnu m\u011bl b\u00fdt i u nebalen\u00fdch potravin jasn\u011b vyzna\u010den obsah alergen\u016f.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u016f\u017ee obsahovat stopy alergen\u016f<\/h2>\n<p>Bohu\u017eel se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee potravina, kter\u00e1 se z ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f v\u016fbec nevyr\u00e1b\u00ed, se b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobn\u00edho procesu s nimi do kontaktu dostane. Kontaminace nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt na v\u00fdrobku nikde vyzna\u010den\u00e1. Mnoho v\u00fdrobc\u016f ale na obalech sv\u00fdch potravin tuto mo\u017enost uv\u00e1d\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad slovy :\u201eM\u016f\u017ee obsahovat stopy ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f.\u201c<\/p>\n<h2>V\u0161eobecn\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Rodi\u010de d\u00edt\u011bte s alergi\u00ed na ara\u0161\u00eddy \u010di alergici samotn\u00ed by m\u011bli db\u00e1t t\u011bchto doporu\u010den\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i n\u00e1kupu potravin sledujte neust\u00e1le slo\u017een\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch produkt\u016f a vyhn\u011bte se t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 ara\u0161\u00eddy p\u0159\u00edmo obsahuj\u00ed \u010di obsahovat mohou.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1zvy mohou upozor\u0148ovat na obsah ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f: ara\u0161\u00eddy-bur\u00e1ky-bursk\u00e9 o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ky-podzemnice olejn\u00e1, ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00fd olej, ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00e1 mouka, ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00e9 m\u00e1slo, ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00fd kr\u00e9m. Rostlinn\u00e9 tuky, b\u00edlkoviny a lecithin (E322) mohou t\u00e9\u017e obsahovat ara\u0161\u00eddy. To by ale m\u011blo b\u00fdt na obalu uvedeno.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pozor:<\/strong> p\u0159edsma\u017een\u00e9 potraviny (nap\u0159\u00edklad hranolky, brambor\u00e1ky, ku\u0159ec\u00ed nugetky, fast food, atd ) mohou obsahovat \u010d\u00e1sti ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cokol\u00e1da, pe\u010divo, m\u00fcsli \u010di su\u0161en\u00e9 ovoce jsou \u010dasto o\u0159echy \u010di bur\u00e1ky kontaminov\u00e1ny. Na tuto mo\u017enou p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs by m\u011bl ale v\u00fdrobce upozor\u0148ovat.<\/p>\n<p>Na nebalen\u00fdch potravin\u00e1ch, \u00a0jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad uzeniny \u010di pe\u010divo, nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt vyzna\u010deno jejich slo\u017een\u00ed. Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ale t\u0159eba pek\u00e1rensk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky mohou ara\u0161\u00eddy obsahovat \u010di se mohou minim\u00e1ln\u011b do kontaktu s nimi dostat, nebo\u0165 v pek\u00e1rn\u00e1ch se s o\u0159echy i ara\u0161\u00eddy \u010dasto pracuje. Pokud si slo\u017een\u00edm nejste jist\u00ed, zeptejte se v\u00fdrobce!<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u0161\u00eddy jsou \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v asijsk\u00e9\/mexick\u00e9 \u010di africk\u00e9 kuchyni (nap\u0159. ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00e1 om\u00e1\u010dka).<\/p>\n<p>Ke kontaminaci ara\u0161\u00eddy m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt v\u0161ude tam, kde se ara\u0161\u00eddy vyskytuj\u00ed, tedy v restaurac\u00edch, pek\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, masn\u00e1ch, cukr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch (prodej zmrzliny), fast foodov\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u00edch. \u00a0Lidem s nejprud\u0161\u00ed formou alergie po ara\u0161\u00eddech (anafylax\u00ed) \u00a0se doporu\u010duje, aby se nestravovali mimo domov.<\/p>\n<p>I potraviny pro d\u011bti mohou obsahovat p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f, to mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ale na obalech v\u017edy vyzna\u010deno.<\/p>\n<p>Oleje lisovan\u00e9 za studena, kter\u00e9 se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed z jin\u00fdch rostlin (nap\u0159\u00edklad slune\u010dnicov\u00e9 oleje atd.) mohou b\u00fdt t\u00e9\u017e kontaminov\u00e1ny ara\u0161\u00eddy, nebo\u0165 v lisech se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed oleje z r\u016fzn\u00fdch semen.<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159i nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed form\u011b alergie na ara\u0161\u00eddy (riziku anafylaxe):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u011b\u017en\u00ed alergici sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed dob\u0159e rafinovan\u00fd ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00fd olej. U nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch alergik\u016f se ale mo\u017enost rozvoje alergick\u00e9 reakce ned\u00e1 vylou\u010dit ani po tomto oleji.<\/p>\n<p>V extr\u00e9mn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee rozvinout alergick\u00e1 reakce i po polibku s partnerem, kter\u00fd jedl ara\u0161\u00eddy. Je pot\u0159eba, abyste proto i sv\u00e9ho partnera o t\u00e9to t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 alergii informovali. Nejlep\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak eliminovat stopy ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f ve slin\u00e1ch, je se zcela ara\u0161\u00edd\u016fm vyhnout \u010di dodr\u017eet n\u011bkolikahodinov\u00fd interval mezi j\u00eddlem a polibkem. V\u00fdplach \u00fast, \u017ev\u00fdka\u010dka \u010di vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zub\u016f nesta\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Slo\u017eky ara\u0161\u00eddov\u00fdch olej\u016f maj\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed i mimo potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl. Jsou slo\u017ekou vitaminov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f (nap\u0159. vitamin D), koupac\u00edch olej\u016f a kr\u00e9m\u016f, \u0161ampon\u016f, b\u011bl\u00edc\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, lepidel a linolea.<\/p>\n<p>Autor:\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;\">\u00a0J. Linnemann<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Alergi\u00ed na ara\u0161\u00eddy naz\u00fdv\u00e1me \u00a0potravinovou alergii na alergeny obsa\u017een\u00e9 v bursk\u00fdch o\u0159\u00ed\u0161c\u00edch. Bursk\u00e9 o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ky pat\u0159\u00ed do skupiny lu\u0161t\u011bnin.\u00a0Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee alergeny ara\u0161\u00edd\u016f mohou vyvolat obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b silnou alergickou reakci. Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm alergick\u00e9 reakce po pokrmech, <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/?p=59\" title=\"Ara\u0161\u00eddy\">[v\u00edc]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1041,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[21,25,88,119,122],"class_list":["post-59","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alergeny","tag-alergen","tag-arasidy","tag-prevence","tag-vitaminy","tag-zdravi"],"views":4969,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=59"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1041"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=59"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=59"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=59"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}