{"id":44,"date":"2015-08-03T10:19:50","date_gmt":"2015-08-03T08:19:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/index.php\/2015\/08\/03\/alimentarni-onemocneni-a-otravy\/"},"modified":"2016-12-20T11:38:15","modified_gmt":"2016-12-20T09:38:15","slug":"alimentarni-onemocneni-a-otravy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/?p=44","title":{"rendered":"Aliment\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a otravy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Podle p\u016fvodu \u0161kodliviny se epidemiologick\u00e9 rizika z potravy d\u011bl\u00ed na:<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>1. Mikrobiologick\u00e9 n\u00e1kazy z po\u017eivatin &#8211; st\u0159evn\u00ed n\u00e1kazy<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Vlastn\u00ed aliment\u00e1rn\u00ed n\u00e1kazy a otravy mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u016fvodu &#8211; toxoinfekcie a toxik\u00f3zy<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1kazy st\u0159evn\u00edmi parazitick\u00fdmi \u010dervy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>2. Otravy chemick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>P\u0159irozen\u00e9 toxick\u00e9 slo\u017eky potravin<\/li>\n<li>Toxick\u00e9 kontaminanty po\u017eivatin<\/li>\n<li>Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed vznikl\u00e9 toxick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky v po\u017eivatin\u00e1ch (endogenn\u00ed cizorod\u00e9 l\u00e1tky)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>1. Mikrobiologick\u00e9 n\u00e1kazy z po\u017eivatin &#8211; st\u0159evn\u00ed n\u00e1kazy<\/h2>\n<p>Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed: bacil\u00e1rn\u00ed \u00faplavice, virov\u00e9 infekce (hepatitida, slintavka a n\u00e1kazy enteroviry), salmonel\u00f3za, bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed endotoxik\u00f3zy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Camphilobacter jejuni,<\/li>\n<li>Yersinia enterocolitica,<\/li>\n<li>Citrobacter,<\/li>\n<li>E. coli,<\/li>\n<li>Proteus,<\/li>\n<li>Streptococcus,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>alimentr\u00e1ne toxik\u00f3zy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>stafylokokov\u00e9 enterotoxik\u00f3za a botulismus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00e1kazy st\u0159evn\u00edmi parazity, sem pat\u0159\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; trichinel\u00f3za, tasemnice, Ascaritidis &#8211; p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161inou zv\u00ed\u0159aty, nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm infikovan\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f na hnojen\u00ed zeleniny<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>2. Otravy chemick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu<\/h2>\n<p>P\u0159irozen\u00e9 toxick\u00e9 slo\u017eky potravin\u00a0nap\u0159. u hub, mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, brambor, rebarbory<\/p>\n<p>Jedovat\u00e9 p\u0159im\u00edseniny<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Z ochrann\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f rostlin (pesticidy, insekticidy, fungicidy)<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159im\u00edsenin z rostlinn\u00fdch plevel\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Toxick\u00e9 p\u0159im\u00edsenin z procesu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdroby (otravy olovem, arsenem, m\u011bd\u00ed, zinkem, c\u00ednem, aromatick\u00fdmi polycyklick\u00fdmi uhlovod\u00edky)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nesn\u00e1\u0161enlivost n\u011bkter\u00fdch potravin<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Alergick\u00e9 reakce na n\u011bkter\u00e9 potraviny (ml\u00e9ko, vejce, ovoce, raj\u010data)<\/li>\n<li>Nevhodn\u00e1 kombinace potravin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed vznikl\u00e9 toxick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky v po\u017eivatin\u00e1ch<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vlivem chemick\u00fdch reakc\u00ed (oxidace lipid\u016f, zm\u011bna nitr\u00e1t\u016f na dusitany)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Podle p\u016fvodu \u0161kodliviny se epidemiologick\u00e9 rizika z potravy d\u011bl\u00ed na:<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":1066,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[30,40,80,105,122],"class_list":["post-44","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kontrola-potravin","tag-campylobacter-jejuni","tag-e-coli","tag-onemocneni","tag-staphylococcus","tag-zdravi"],"views":6113,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=44"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1066"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=44"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=44"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/potravinyx.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=44"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}